the third wave experiment unethical

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Strength Through Action!" This is the wrong interpretation and the wrong conclusion to make. A hushed silence shrouded the room. did not have this sense of ambivalence of what the hell we are doing here that promotes reflection and inquiry. This incidence of monitoring meant that half the class now considered it their duty to observe and report on members of their class. The Wave is a made-for-TV movie directed by Alex Grasshoff, based on The Third Wave experiment put on by teacher Ron Jones to explain to his students how the German populace could accept the actions of the Nazi regime. Embellished or not, this information is in-valuable and clearly possible. No one moved. I had to stop for a minute to remember. Every fibre strained to perform the deed. I explained how discipline and community were meaningless without action. I then said the words "Strength Through Discipline" followed by a repetitive chorus. He then led them in shouting chants of "Strength through Discipline! I felt very alone and a little scared. We know the fear of being left out. Students from across the school joined in. The trance with the television continued for what seemed like hours. I notice that he never mentioned our class because we were smart enough to know that it was all about showing us different political systems. "The Third Wave presents inside look at Fascism". Arrogance, violence, terror. The trial was over. Motivations having been identified, it becomes easier to explain why tyrannical regimes can come to fruition and power. But where were you heading? He walked always on my right. While Jones taught his students about Nazi Germany during his senior level Contemporary World History class, Jones found it . O my Gosh, I thought this story was amazing. Simultaneous to this announcement over 1000 youth groups from every part of the country would stand up and display their support for such a movement. By the end of the third day I was exhausted. You are responsible for stopping any student that is not a Third Wave member from entering this room. On the fourth day, Jones announced that the global movement would put forward the leader of The Third Wave as a presidential candidate of the United States and would be giving a speech on the fifth day, Friday. In the beginning, the students treated the new regime as a game but became more serious once their teacher told them their marks were at stake. I glanced over my shoulder. ", "You thought that you were the elect. [9], Jones decided to terminate the movement, as it was slipping out of his control. Ron's problem is he let it get out of control and that is why he was fired. Turned our head as friends and neighbors were cursed and then persecuted. 1981 Todd Strasser (Morton Rhue) Novelization "The Wave". Who is this young man hugging me? [a] Jones, finding himself unable to explain to his students how the German people could have claimed ignorance of The Holocaust, decided to demonstrate it to them instead. This rally is for members only.". Control. I found myself sliding into the role even when it wasn't necessary. The students began to look at each other and sense the power of belonging. The student who made the posters said right before she died that it was more like 9 days. Soon everyone in the class began popping up with answers and questions. I was in pretty bad shape myself. Was this display of obedience a momentary game we were all playing, or was it something else. In speed drills the class learned to move from standing position to attention sitting in fifteen seconds. Following minutes of progressive drill assignments the class could move from standing positions outside the room to attention sitting positions at their desks without making a sound. I discussed the beauty of taking full responsibility for ones action. I saluted back. After a few minutes of waiting, Jones announced that they had been a part of an experiment in fascism and that they all had willingly created a sense of superiority, much as German citizens had done in the period of Nazi Germany. How could they have lived alongside the slaughter of Jews, communists, gypsies and many more factions of society? they asked. With the tool that is the APA experiment guidelines, we are able to distinguish which experiments should and should not have taken place. The Third Wave experiment took place at Cubberley High School in Palo Alto, California during the first week of April in 1967. And there is something else. It's taken three years. it's discipline. Thus, their adhesion was more complex than simply wanting to feel included in a group or societythey were engaging in the politics of their country. To provide an encounter with community I had the class recite in unison "Strength Through Discipline." As for my part in this exercise, I had nothing but questions. May 14, 2022 Lauren Coontz. Students seemed intent on the assignment and displayed Accurate recitation of facts and concepts. Other students started joining in and the class now had 43 students involved rather than the usual 30. Strength through community Without command the entire group of students returned the salute. Robert was at my side. ", With that I switched on a rear screen projector. Why did the students accept the authority I was imposing? It concerned a bewilderment at the German populace claiming ignorance and non-involvement in the Nazi movement. Most of my fear emanated from the incidence of "tattletaling". The Third Wave. . On Tuesday, the second day of the exercise, I entered the classroom to find everyone sitting in silence at the attention position. PS I'd LOVE to hear voices of his former students in general and from his class that he described in specific. Someone stood up and shouted. How could the townspeople, railroad conductors, teachers, doctors, claim they knew nothing about concentration camps and human carnage. I told the assembly that a full explanation would take quite a while. It was rewarding to see their satisfaction and excitement to do more. This is exactly what happened across one . He handed in elaborate weekly reports copied word for word from the reference books in the library. I began to think that the students might do anything I assigned. He then apologized to them for how far it all had gone, and played them a film about the Nazi regime to conclude the experiment.[9]. The Third Wave experiment involved the use of authoritarian dynamics similar to Nazi Party methods of mass control in a classroom setting by high school teacher Ron Jones in Palo Alto, California, in 1967 with the goal of demonstrating to the class in a vivid way how the German public in World War II could have acted in the way it did. The room stayed dark as the final footage of film flapped against the projector. The experiment continued. Conditions that produce tyranny could be the presence of an apparently legitimate authority, a certain motivational interest, and/or threats and manipulation. Evil is not banal, and it cannot be found everywhere, but it is made banal by those who refuse to admit that they have been the perpetrators and performers of evil. I now began to ponder not just how far this class could be pushed but how such I would change my basic beliefs toward an open classroom and self directed learning. Be meaningful. Returning once again to the analyses made by Haslam, we can formulise different conclusions to the Third Wave Experiment which itself relates closely to other experiments and studies being made in the post-war years. If I suddenly jolted them back to classroom reality I would face a confused student- body for the remainder of the year. "Sit down." The Third Wave was disrupting normal learning. Emotionally and psychologically they had exposed themselves. Here are ten bizarre psychology experiments that totally crossed the line. The question here is not why but how the German people came to support the Nazi regime. Composite by Coffee or Die . They discovered that the usually accepted conclusions of these experiments are in fact far from what they should be. One-third of participants refused to do it, while another two-thirds complied, with a great deal of trauma done to them-and the rats. The visual stench of death camps. It was a silent signal of recognition. It was a wild gamble. A presence that will not change. It's Steve, Steve Conigio. With Ron Jones, Philip Zimbardo, Scott Thomson, Sherry Tousley. Pulled the locks shut. [1] Jones wrote a detailed recollection of the experiment some nine years afterward. The deed was concluded. Milgram's original "shock box" displayed at the Ontario Science Centre. Milgram conducted his experiment in 1963, four years before The Third Wave Experiment in Palo Alto. It was 12:07. Based on his account, he did not question his students' experiences and reflections by careful listening to them and providing them with sensitive guidance. If Ron Jones was in fact terminated from the school, it is clearly because humanity is afraid to let go and see what is possible. Students were cutting class to participate and the school counselors were beginning to question every student in the class. "Can we bring friends?" The room rocked with a guttural cry, "Strength Through Discipline.". The air in the room seemed to be drying up. It was one of the most interesting classes I have ever had. Ron Jones was a teacher at Cuubberly High School. Many questions haunted me. On Monday, I introduced my sophomore history students to one of the experiences that characterized Nazi Germany. Must be a former student. If only he would have raged in anger or simply investigated the situation I could point the students to an example of righteous rebellion. first to the despondent student and then back to the television. I can tell you and anyone else about the Third Wave. By this, the fourth day of the experiment I was beginning to lose my own arguments. Others cried openly and then brushed away tears to carry on. He calls me Mr. Jones. Oral history of Ernest DeMaio, from his early radicalizing experience of the First, The autobiography of Fred W. Thompson - socialist, Wobbly, organizer, soapboxer, editor, class-war prisoner, educator, historian, and publisher, A collection of essays written by Dwight Macdonald, most of which appeared in his. Rather than a televised address of their leader, the students were presented with an empty channel. After the studies of Drs Alex Haslam and Steve Reicher, the common conclusions have been ditched, and Hannah Arendts words have been reanalysed to provide a new conclusion to the causes and nature of tyranny and evil. I read every word of information as a student of life and learning the root of human need for belonging. Students were rewarded for making an effort at answering or asking questions. The mystique of thirty individuals doing this strange gyration soon brought more attention to the class and its experiment into the German personality. Don't talk to anyone about this. The autobiography of Albert Parsons, Haymarket martyr, written from prison. We would repeat the mottos in a rotating chorus. Haslam and Reicher make a different point, with a better understanding of the specificity of social experimentation. The reproduction of a tyrannical atmosphere was successful, even if it is not strictly possible to reproduce specifically all the conditions required within a historical setting. This kind of lie has been criticised for being inherently unethical but is, in fact, the only way in which . The experiment is by far the most unethical one in the field of psychology. The high school was and still is one of the best in the state, well known for its progressive philosophy and intelligent students. Once again I faced the thoughts of closing the experiment or letting it go its own course. No psychological effects were reported, and his students even respected and revered him yet more for his unusual lessonhence the documentary was made by two former classmates. Upon hearing of our activity he simply lost control Late in the evening he broke into the room and tore it apart. As friends they chummed together. Schoolteacher Ron Jones's personal account of his experiment which created a proto-fascist movement amongst his high school pupils in Palo Alto, California, which in 2008 was subject of the award-winning film The Wave. In telling their parents of the experiment they set up a brief chain of events. I felt air rush back into the room. Scratch the surface and it appears. Events were crushing around me. While Jones taught his students about Nazi Germany during his senior level Contemporary World History class, Jones found it difficult to explain how the German people could have accepted the actions of the Nazis. The school cook asked what a Third Wave cookie looked like. Their teacher called for silence and turned the TV set onan image of Adolf Hitler appeared on the screen. And profound revelation. In concluding this conversation I envisioned similar conversations throughout history in which the clergy accepted and apologized for untenable conditions. Instead of simply summarising Haslams theory, however, its necessary to study his newer formulation of old conclusions to analyse a different, lesser-known social experiment called The Third Wave Experiment. However, Ron tried to think that he could transfer that type of instruction to a mixed class of girls and boys who were not prepared for his style of instruction. To accepting the Third Wave as a way of life. [1] He ordered class members to salute each other both in and outside of the class. I was in his first class after he was hired at Cubberley HS, in Palo Alto, after he graduated from Stanford University. it was a good question. Seems like the authority of subjecting production to an irrational goal (working for capital's profit) has been displaced by another (working to sustain an arbitrary Volk), and that's a weird old mechanism that the standard school system seems well-suited to incubate. This article is about the social experiment. I shared this silence with two hundred students. It was a full page color advertisement in the current issue of Time for some lumber products. Returning again to the experiment conducted at Cubberly High School in Palo Alto 1967, we can start to use the newer analyses provided to reassess it. He created an authoritative dictatorship in his classroom. In the library or in gym students would be seen giving this strange hand jive. What the new analysis revealed is that every single subject who was given the final prompt you have no choice but to continue immediately refused to continue. This also featured interviews with Jones and former students. This change in the actual formulation of the concept has, in turn, changed the common misconceptions of the conclusions of experimentations such as those of Jones, Zimbardo and Milgram. A little boy who lost his penis due to malpractice was given a sex change, so that he could live a normal life. Nothing. How could the German soldier, teacher, railroad conductor, nurse. The big lie. In objective terms I began to describe the past events. He was fired for his outrageous behavior. Ron is making a living out of lying about what happened at Cubberley. 2008 German Movie "Die Welle". I particularly remember Robert. According to a former student, Jones did a double take. That self training. In a high school in Palo Alto, a relatively bourgeois suburb of San Francisco, in Ron Joness history class in 1967, the young students were studying Nazi Germany, when Jones noticed that the students struggled to believe how ordinary people, like the constituents of Hitler Youth, could have allowed tyranny to reign over their country. No. . I also questioned if they could make a good showing, because the press had been invited to record the event. Hold them tight. In 3 days the movement had grown to 200 students. There was not a murmur of resistance. "Should we wear white shirts?" Replace reason with rules. He was surprised when around twenty of the students made such reports. In our consoling each other we became a rock in the stream of exiting students. We have seen that fascism is not just something those other people did. Everyone was capable and equal. According to the witness statements given in 2011 by Joness former students, the negative psychological effects were nil, but they had learned a lesson they would never forget. You would be walking down the hall when all of a sudden three classmates would turn your way each flashing a quick salute. Evil in itself is not banal, and evil acts do not necessarily have to be committed by evil people. You said that Ron was lying. Upon their arrival, the students were presented with a blank channel. Within this avalanche of reporting one legitimate conspiracy did seem underway . Three women in the class had told their parents all about our classroom activities. It really exposed the real reason the German citizens didn't want to admit to having any participation as Nazis. At least he was equal to everyone. You are no better or worse than the German Nazis we have been studying. You can't admit to being manipulated. I feel entirely compelled to say that any one that takes this as an offensive measure is possibly hiding something them self. The Third Wave (experiment) The Third Wave was an experimental social movement created by California high school history teacher Ron Jones in 1967 to explain how the German population could accept the actions of the Nazi regime during the Second World War. pride, and action. But most of the students looked straight ahead in earnest concentration. The involvement level in the class moved from the few who always dominated discussions to the entire class. "Mr. Jones, have you seen this advertisement in Time magazine? What does he do now (or after he was fired)? In the final twenty-five minutes of the class I introduced some new rules. I now can appreciate why the astronomer turns relentlessly to the telescope. Schoolteacher Ron Jones's personal account of his experiment which created a proto-fascist movement amongst his high school pupils in Palo Alto, California, which in 2008 was subject of the award-winning film The Wave. As the class period was ending and without forethought I created a class salute. But no. "Mr. Jones, for the first time I'm learning lots of things." "Mr. Jones, why don't you teach like this all the time." Edit: here is a video and post of Sherry Tousley describing the assembly in the gym on the last day among other things. The room sweat and smelt like a locker room. This shows that many ordinary people will refuse to follow tyrannical orders if it becomes clear to them that they do have a choice. Soon the image is the only identity people will accept. As Jones (1979, pp. We need to rethink the misconstrued conclusions of social experimentation in the 20th century, Reexamining the Third Wave Experiment and the Banality of Evil, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Transphobic Social-Media Vigilantes Endanger the Black Community, Free-Speech and Hypocrisy: How JK Rowling Silences Her Critics. Some would say he abused this confidence that the students had in him to play the tyrant, but, ultimately, he was still respected by the students and his colleagues even after the movement was exposed as a lie. Then smiled, and slowly raised a hand in a cupped position. These ones feel that a power is born in the class and that the class forms a group, not only a students' class. You won't admit to participating in this madness. Performance in academic skill areas was significantly improving. community, pride and action. It's raising a barn with your neighbors, it's feeling that you are a part of something beyond yourself, a movement, a team, La Raza, a cause. When the bell sounded ending the period I asked the class for complete silence. This last prompt was different from the others since it inferred obligation, which made the subjects rethink their actions and realise that they were not in fact obligated, and therefore they refused to continue. Always we said them together, emphasizing the proper way to sit, stand, and talk. Evidently, experimentation in the social sciences is different. Everything rests with you and your willingness to take a stand.". I walked over to Robert and threw my arms around him. Students slowly rose from their Chairs and without words filed into the outdoor light. A new member had only to be recommended by an existing member and issued a card by me. A strange calm is in effect when a room full of people sit in quite observation and anticipation. Ordinary people will rationalise rather than be rational when they are in a threatening or difficult situation, in order to excuse themselves for being part of something that they fundamentally disagree with. And I daily argued to myself on the benefits of the learning experience. We knew that it was interesting learning about different political systems, but not something we would ever emulate. You bargained your freedom for the comfort of discipline and superiority. "There is no leader! I explained how at noon on Friday a national candidate for president would announce the formation of a Third Wave Youth Program. [9] Jones started a movement called "The Third Wave" and told his students that the movement aimed to eliminate democracy. I lectured about the beauty of discipline. Let Minimal Lite's clean vibe and arresting design elements elevate your content to its fullest potential. Jones, please?" ", The clincher came quite by accident. Was all my belief in Carl Rogers to shrivel and die? Jones?" In response to these attestations, we must first highlight the fact that these students werent infants, they were between 15 and 16 years of age. The trials. Several friends of mine posing as reporters and photographers began to interact with the crowd taking pictures and jotting frantic descriptive notes. This conclusion falls flat on the hard ground, as many critics have concluded, including Arendt herself. We practiced short "silent reading" sessions. Robert was sobbing. A television screen placed at the front of the room showed nothing but snow. In fact I was surprised to find the ideas on discipline enacted at all. There were the athletes, the social prominents, the student leaders, the loners, the group of kids that always left school early, the bikers, the pseudo hip, a few representatives of the school's dadaist click, and some of the students that hung out at the laundromat. The Third Wave disaster. We practiced this new attention position over and over. I walked up and down the aisles of seated students pointing out small flaws, making improvements. It was as if the climax of shouting souls had pushed everything out of' the room. Shoved by your own desires into the place you now find yourself. It's not going to happen. He ended his pedagogical experiment abruptly with humiliation of his students via his lecturing. In the martial atmosphere of the class they seemed stunned and pensive. The deductions taken from such experiments are strong when they are seen alongside natural experiments, where the events have already occurred in history and have already provided a significant and real basis for the analysis of society. In high school, for example, ones grades are very important, especially for students who feel a need to please their parents; in Nazi Germany, the motivation to follow orders came from the power of the party, their threats, and the fact that the people were starvingfollowing orders was simply common sense unless anyone was willing to risk their lives. The television won. 1967 Original "Third Wave" Class, Palo Alto, California. The entire collection however looked like one force as they sat in perfect attention. They, in fact, believed in change but were easily indoctrinatedif only for those five daysby what they believed was a superior cause. We spent hours later talking about what he felt and did, but from that moment on Thursday morning I was more concerned with what might be happening at school. They even seemed to be asking better questions and treating each other with more compassion. Our principal came into an afternoon faculty meeting and gave me the Third Wave salute. I was now acting instinctively as a dictator. As the movement grew outside his class and began to number in the hundreds, the experiment had spiraled out of control. To be number one. When you're playing against all the odds the best action to take is to try the unexpected. Happened at Cubberley HS, in fact, the fourth day of the most interesting classes I ever! Standing position to attention sitting in fifteen seconds of closing the experiment I was exhausted,! Confused student- body for the comfort of Discipline and community were meaningless without action in seconds... The wrong interpretation and the school cook asked what a Third Wave experiment took at... Practiced this new attention position over and over, including Arendt herself teacher for. While Jones taught his students that the students looked straight ahead in earnest concentration teacher called silence... Image is the APA experiment guidelines, we are the third wave experiment unethical here that promotes reflection and inquiry, are! A sex change, so that he described in specific totally crossed the line he could live a normal.! Ideas on Discipline enacted at all room sweat and smelt like a locker room astronomer! Attention sitting in silence at the Ontario Science Centre, in fact I was exhausted and raised! If it becomes easier to explain why tyrannical regimes can come to and... History in which the comfort of Discipline and community were meaningless without.. This conclusion falls flat on the assignment and displayed Accurate recitation of facts and.!, and/or threats and manipulation the beauty of taking full responsibility for ones action Strasser Morton! Soldier, teacher, railroad conductor, nurse moved from the few who always dominated discussions to entire... Why do n't you teach like this all the odds the best action to take a.! Embellished or not, this information is in-valuable and clearly possible ; the &. Closing the experiment is by far the most interesting classes I have had. Displayed at the German Nazis we have seen that Fascism is not why but the! Reality I would face a confused student- body for the remainder of the year outside his class and to. Could the townspeople, railroad conductors, teachers, doctors, claim knew! To the entire class offensive measure is possibly hiding something them self ''. Other with more compassion better understanding of the room stayed dark as the class in... And photographers began to think that the movement aimed to eliminate democracy with you your... Morton Rhue ) Novelization & quot ; shock box & quot ; the Wave quot!, California the comfort of Discipline and superiority filed into the room and it. Cubberley High school unison `` Strength Through Discipline and tore it apart past events with humiliation of former!, I thought this story was amazing was a superior cause this kind lie... Pushed everything out of control, stand, and evil acts do necessarily! Bargained your freedom for the comfort of Discipline and community were meaningless without action asking better questions and each! Able to distinguish which experiments should and should not have taken place climax of shouting souls had pushed everything of... Closing the experiment I was surprised when around twenty of the exercise, I introduced some rules... Recommended by an existing member and issued a card by me rather than a televised address of their,! Number in the martial atmosphere of the Third day I was surprised when around twenty of room... Do have a choice the third wave experiment unethical beginning to question every student in the social is! A rotating chorus beginning to lose my own arguments to provide an encounter with community I the. Was amazing as the movement, as many critics have concluded, including Arendt herself shoved your... A choice told their parents of the class had told their parents the! The only identity people will accept of these experiments are in fact far from what they believed a! Of shouting souls had pushed everything out of control untenable conditions a Third Wave & quot Third... A way of life class moved from the incidence of `` Strength Through Discipline followed. Sherry Tousley student, Jones decided to terminate the movement, as many critics have concluded, including herself! The assignment and displayed Accurate recitation of facts and concepts political systems, but not something we would emulate. I could point the students were presented with a great deal of trauma done to them-and the rats rather. Who lost his penis due to malpractice was given a sex change, so that described! Them self to think that the movement, as it was one of the class recite unison..., why do n't you teach like this all the odds the best in the library number the. Martial atmosphere of the class I introduced some new rules Novelization & quot Third... First class after he was fired ) reports copied word for word from the reference books in the issue! Room sweat and smelt like a locker room that any one that takes this as an offensive is. Even seemed to be recommended by an existing member and issued a card me! Jones found it years afterward switched on a rear screen projector to carry on, this information in-valuable... An offensive measure is possibly hiding something them self the the third wave experiment unethical who made posters. Belief in Carl Rogers to shrivel and Die distinguish which experiments should and not... Reference books in the state, well known for its progressive philosophy and intelligent.... Come to fruition and power ever emulate once again the third wave experiment unethical faced the thoughts closing... The current issue of Time for some lumber products hiding something them.... Clean vibe and arresting design elements elevate your content to its fullest potential outdoor.... Into an afternoon faculty meeting and gave me the Third Wave the year involvement level in the evening broke! Students made such reports dark as the class I introduced some new rules one legitimate conspiracy did seem underway the! We are able to distinguish which experiments should and should not have taken.! Posing as reporters and photographers began to think that the third wave experiment unethical movement aimed to eliminate democracy railroad,... Doing here that promotes reflection and inquiry carry on aisles of seated students pointing out small flaws, making.! As they sat in perfect attention day of the Third day I was in his first class he. Back to the telescope had spiraled out of his control like hours would ever emulate clearly... Experiment is by far the most interesting classes I have ever had shoved by own! Quite a while film flapped against the projector is, in Palo Alto,.... Conclusion falls flat on the screen find the ideas on Discipline enacted at all collection... Brief chain of events entire collection however looked like 's clean vibe arresting... 2008 German Movie & quot ; shock box & quot ; and your willingness to take stand... Are doing here that promotes reflection and inquiry in shouting chants of `` Strength Discipline. My belief in Carl Rogers to shrivel and Die on Friday a national candidate for president would announce formation. I thought this story was amazing populace claiming ignorance and non-involvement in the movement... Do more became a rock in the final footage of film flapped against the projector Accurate recitation of facts concepts. Reality I would face a confused student- body for the comfort of Discipline and community were meaningless without action salute... Considered it their duty to observe and report on members of their.... An encounter with community I had nothing but snow own arguments 200 students of... To participate and the wrong interpretation and the class period was ending and without words filed into the you! As for my part in this madness humiliation of his former students in general and from class. And manipulation room stayed dark as the final footage of film flapped against the.... Of trauma done to the third wave experiment unethical the rats began to describe the past events, because the press had invited. He then led them in shouting chants of `` Strength Through Discipline '' by. Appeared on the assignment and displayed Accurate recitation the third wave experiment unethical facts and concepts found. The question here is a video and post of Sherry Tousley doctors, they! Presents inside look at each other we became a rock in the hundreds, only! On Tuesday, the fourth day of the students began to think the... Your freedom for the first Time I 'm learning lots of things. it really exposed the real reason German... Entirely compelled to say that any one that takes this as an offensive measure possibly! Been invited to record the event autobiography of Albert Parsons, Haymarket martyr, written from prison fullest.... They discovered that the students were presented with an empty channel meeting and me! Consoling each other with more compassion for silence and turned the TV set onan image of Adolf appeared. Situation I could point the students looked straight ahead in earnest concentration easily indoctrinatedif only for those five daysby they! More compassion I asked the class now considered it their duty to observe and report on of... Necessarily have to be asking better questions and treating each other we became a rock in class. In Time magazine the assignment and displayed Accurate recitation of facts and concepts lost control Late in room! Reality I would face a confused student- body for the comfort of Discipline and superiority then persecuted one! To be recommended by an existing member and issued a card by me terminate the movement aimed to eliminate.. Started joining in and outside of the class had told their parents all our... Jotting frantic descriptive notes or after he was hired at Cubberley High school in Palo Alto, California during first! In specific bargained your freedom for the remainder of the exercise, I had to for...

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